Contents.Types of stunt effects Practical effects One of the most-frequently used practical stunts is. Although contact is normally avoided, many elements of stage combat, such as, and required contact between performers in order to facilitate the creation of a particular effect, such as noise or physical interaction.
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Stunt performances are highly choreographed and may be rigorously rehearsed for hours, days and sometimes weeks before a performance. Seasoned professionals will commonly treat a performance as if they have never done it beforesince the risks in stunt work are high, every move and position must be correct to reduce risk of injury from accidents. Examples of practical effects include tripping and falling down, high jumps, extreme sporting moves, acrobatics and high diving, gainer falls, 'suicide backflips,' and other stunts.
Stunt airbags (or 'stunt mats'), large deep airbags that may be the size of a small swimming pool, are typically used by professional stunt performers to cushion their landings from staged falls from heights. Freestyle & Stunt Show 2007 - Mechanical effects A physical stunt is usually performed with help of mechanics. For example, if the plot requires the hero to jump to a high place, the film crew could put the actor in a special harness, and use to pull him up. Piano wire is sometimes used to fly objects, but an actor is never suspended from it as it is brittle and can break under shock impacts.
(2000) is a film that was heavily reliant on.Vehicular stunts Performers of vehicular stunts require extensive training and may employ specially adapted vehicles. Stunts can be as simple as a, also known as the, or as advanced as car chases, jumps and crashes involving dozens of vehicles. Is a well known pioneering automotive stunt performer and coordinator.
Another well known vehicular stunt specialist is Englishman, who was the helicopter stunt pilot and stunt designer for many 1980s films, notably the film. A Guinness Book of World Records holder stunt driver, performed in numerous movies and events and holds a World Record for longest distance driven on two wheels in a London double decker bus (810 feet). Streetbike stunts, also known as 'stunting' gained widespread popularity in the early 2000s and continues to grow. It is based on wheelies but now goes much further than that.Computer-generated effects In the late 20th century stunt men were often placed in dangerous situations less and less as turned to relatively inexpensive (and much safer) effects using harnesses, fans, and a huge array of other devices and digital effects. (1999) is an example for a film that extensively 'enhanced' real stunts through CGI post production. The film series and the prequel films often display stunts that are entirely computer generated.
Examples of computer-generated effects include face replacement and.Hong Kong action cinema. Further information:In 1982, began experimenting with elaborate stunt action sequences in, which featured a pyramid fight scene that holds the record for the most required for a single scene, with 2900 takes, and the final fight scene where he performs various stunts, including one where he does a back flip off a and falls to the lower ground. In 1983, saw the official formation of the and added elaborate, dangerous stunts to the fights and typical slapstick humor (at one point, Chan falls from the top of a clock tower through a series of fabric canopies).(1985) contained many large-scale action scenes, including an opening sequence featuring a through a, Chan stopping a with his service and a climactic fight scene in a. This final scene earned the film the nickname 'Glass Story' by the crew, due to the huge number of panes of that were broken. During a stunt in this last scene, in which Chan slides down a pole from several stories up, the lights covering the pole had heated it considerably, resulting in Chan suffering, particularly to his hands, as well as a back injury and dislocation of his pelvis upon landing.
Chan performed similarly elaborate stunts in numerous other films, such as several sequels, the series, and the series, among others.Other stars who became known for performing elaborate stunts include Chan's friends and, as well as ' stars such as. Other stars also known for performing elaborate stunts including Thai actor, Indonesian actors and, and Indian actors, and.Stunts that have gone wrong.
Main article: Stunt-based television shows Reality competition television shows such as and have required contestants to complete stunts to win prize money.Recognition of stunt performers Films such as and and the 1980s television show sought to raise the profile of the stunt performer and debunk the myth that film stars perform all their own stunts. Noted stunt coordinators, and went on to direct the action films,. Became the first stuntman to win both an (for developing a descender rig as a safe alternative to airbags) and a award (for lifetime achievement in film).
But the status of stuntmen in Hollywood is still low; despite the fact that few films of any genre or type could be made without them, stunt performers are still seen as working mainly in action films. Repeated campaigns for a 'Best Stunts' Academy Award have been rejected.In 2001, the first ' were presented in by actor. The event had A-list stars presenting the statues to Hollywood's unsung heroes. Was presented with the first 'Lifetime Achievement' award.
He presented the awards in 2001. The awards show hands out eight awards: Best Fight, Best Fire Stunt, Best High Work, Best Overall Stunt by a Stunt Man, Best Overall Stunt by a Stunt Woman, Best Speciality Stunt, Best Work with a Vehicle and Best Stunt Coordinator and/or 2nd Unit Director.Equality in stunts In past Hollywood films it was common for men to double for women and stunt performers to double for performers. Veteran stunt man, a man of shorter than average height, often doubled for women in film serials of the 1930s and '40s. It is now against rules for to double an actor of a different gender or race unless the stunt is so dangerous that there are no other volunteers, for example when doubled for the black Jamaican actress who off the in. The rise of action heroines like and African-American stars like has offered wider opportunities for stunt performers from diverse backgrounds.The future of stuntwork A backlash against dangerous stunts following the fatal 42 foot backward fall of off a building on the set of, coinciding with developments in (CGI) that make such stunts unnecessary threatens to reduce stunt performers to the status of body doubles. And yet a backlash against films that resemble could lead to a resurrection in pure stuntwork. Films such as and have shown how CGI and stunts can be integrated for maximum effect.
But—if for no other reason than safety—it is doubtful that the records established by and will be broken anytime soon. A new subgenre of eastern martial arts films exists which emphasize the actors performing their own stunts, deliberately using wide angles and unbroken shots to show each stunt in its entirety.
Examples of actors doing their own stunts include and.See also.Notes. Retrieved 2017-01-31. Love HK Film. Retrieved 2011-04-14. Retrieved 2011-04-12.
David Everitt (August 16, 1996). Retrieved 2011-04-12. Retrieved 19 December 2012.
Lisa Respers, 1995, 'Stuntwoman's Family Sues Over Fatal 42-Foot Fall on Set: Courts: Mother seeks $10 million, saying studio did not provide proper safety equipment. Defendants have made no comment,' The Los Angeles Times (online), February 12, 1995, see, accessed 16 April 2015. Respers states in the L.A.
TImes article that the 'air bag that was to cushion Davis' fall instead reacted like a huge balloon, causing the young woman to bounce, slam into the building and hit the ground.Further reading. Gene Scott Freese, 2014, Hollywood Stunt Performers, 1910s-1970s: A Biographical Dictionary, 2nd ed. Rev., McFarland, see, accessed 16 April 2015.External links.